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Archive for the ‘3 letter root mujarrad’ Category
Pattern XIII if’awwala, yaf’awwilu
April 4, 2012Pattern XII if’aw’ala, yaf’aw’ilu
March 20, 2012Past Tense for Thulaathee Mazeed Verbs, Regular
May 20, 2010Using the past tense with thulaathee1 mazeed2 regular verbs is very easy. For most of the pronouns, we are simply going to put a sukoon on the last letter and then attach the pronoun. Examples:
سَافَرْتُ I traveled – from سَافَرَ – we put a sukoon on the last letter and then added تُ which is for I (did something in the past tense)
Likewise:
تَنَاوَلْتُم الدَوَاءَ You (m.pl) took the medicine – from تَنَاوَلَ – sukoon is put on the last letter and then تُمْ was added (which is for you m.pl)
There are 3 exceptions (5 if you count dual but I generally dont include dual)
1.For the 3rd person masculine singular – you leave it just like the infinitive (same thing you do for thulaathee mujarrad verbs). Ex:
هَاجَرَ he made hijrah – from the verb هاجر
2.For the 3rd person feminine singular – you simply at تْ to the 3rd person m.sg. (same thing you do for thulaathee mujarrad verbs):
هَاجَرَتْ she made hijrah (emigrated)
3.For the 3rd person m.plural, you put a dammah on the last letter (not sukoon) and add wow and alif (same as you do with thulaathee mujarrad):
هَاجَرُوا They made hijrah
Now the following chart is going to have different forms/wazns (II-X excluding IX because it has a double letter built into its pattern, which makes it more of an irregular verb in the way it is conjugated) with the proper dameer attached
| We pretended to be sick | تَمَارَضْنَا3 | I taught | عَلَّمْتُ4 | |
| You (m.pl) turned away | اِنْقَلَبْتُم5 | You (m.sg) met | قَابَلْتَ6 | |
| You (f.pl) waited | 7اِنْتَظَرْتُنَّ | You (f.sg) became Muslim | 8أَسْلَمْتِ | |
| They (m) used | اِسْتَعْمَلُوا9 | He learned | تَعَلَّمَ10 | |
| They (f) used | 11اِسْتَعْمَلْنَ | She learned | 12تَعَلَّمَتْ |
1A verb which has three ROOT letters like ذهب and أذهب and علّم and تعلّم – the ROOT letters for all of these verbs are 3 letters. For the first two verbs, ذهب (dhaal – haa- baa)are the three ROOT letters (and where you would find their meanings in the Hans Wehr Dictionary). For the last two, علم (alif – laam – meem)are the 3 ROOT letters
2Mazeed means there is an increase on the three ROOT letters in the verb. Like for أذهب – the ROOT letters were increased by 1 letter to form this verb (so أذهب is mazeed whereas ذهب is mujarrad). Likewise, تعلّم – the ROOT letters were increased by 2 letters (taa and one of the double letters under the shaddah) تعلّم is mazeed (and also علّم which is increased by 1 letter – the double letter under shaddah) but علم is mujarrad (bare). See forms charts from here
3From تَمَارَضَ
4From عَلَّمَ
5From اِنْقَلَبَ see 3: 144 for this meaning
6 From قَابَلَ
7From اِنْتَظَرَ
8From أَسْلَمَ
9From اِسْتَعْمَلَ
10From تَعَلَّمَ
11From اِسْتَعْمَلَ
12From تَعَلَّمَ
Pattern X, irregular, present tense
May 13, 2010Double letter: pattern X muda’af
Weak middle letter: pattern X weak of ayn
Weak end letter : pattern X weak of lam
Verbs on the pattern of اِسْتَفْعَلَ , regular, present tense
May 12, 2010Pattern X is gone over in Madinah Book 3, chapter 24
http://old.iu.edu.sa/spages/edu/syukbah/du4_10.htm
Some of the meaning of this pattern are:
1.Seeking/asking for the root, Ex: اِسْتَعَانَ – to seek help (عون)
2.To consider something/someone to be the root, Ex: اِسْتَعْظَمَ – to consider to be great
For more meanings of this pattern, look at the chart here
Conjugation chart for Pattern X : pattern X saalim
Verbs on the pattern اِفْعَلَّ present tense
May 11, 2010Pattern IX is used for colors and defects. Example:
اِحْمَرَّ خَالِدٌ Khaalid turned red (blushed).
اِعْوَجَّ العَصَا The stick became crooked
As for verbs with a weak middle letter (like اعوجّ ) then these are conjugated like regular pattern IX verbs. As for verbs with a weak end letter on this pattern, then I have not encountered one so far. Even though اَعْمَى is a blind person (male), I do not see in the Hans Wehr that it is conjugated in pattern IX. One could say عَمِيَ He was (or became) blind (and this is pattern I).
Likewise with the double letter verbs, I haven’t encountered one that is conjugated on pattern IX yet so I do not know if these are conjugated in pattern IX or not. Though some defects do contain double letters, ex أَصَمُّ is a deaf male, however, I did not see in Hans Wehr that it is conjugated on pattern IX. One could say صَمَّ – he became (or was) deaf – and this is pattern I .
That is not to say that being blind or deaf is a defect, this is simply something that Allah has tested some individuals with. And for those who die as Muslims pleasing their Creator, then He will give them the same as everyone else who enters Paradise (including vision and hearing) in the Next Life. And it is said that the Prophet Shu’aib was blind. Also, the Companion Ibn Umm Maktoom was blind, the late scholar Abdul Azeez Bin Baz was blind and the contemporary living scholar Ubayd al Jaabiree is blind. And it is possible there were some deaf companions and scholars as well, but in my limited knowledge, I haven’t run across that yet. One could ask the Scholars about that.
In Madinah Book 3, chapter 24 (which goes over pattern IX http://old.iu.edu.sa/spages/edu/syukbah/du4_9.htm ), it also includes the mubalaghah form for pattern IX which is اِحْمَارَّ، يَحْمَارُّ – these are two different patterns – one is increased by two letters (one alif and a double letter) and the other by three (two alifs and a double letter). According to the text of Binaa al-Af’aal, اِحْمَارَّ is the intensive for اِحْمَرَّ (refer to Binaa al- Af’aal for an example ). اِحْمَارَّ is conjugated the exact same way as اِحْمَرَّ (except with an extra alif after the meem in each conjugation : نَحْمَارُّ، تَحْمَارُّوْنَ، تَحْمَارِرْنَ etc),
(the first ر in تحماررن has kasrah)
How to conjugate verbs on pattern IX : pattern IX
Form VIII present tense, irregular verbs
May 11, 2010Weak middle letter : pattern VIII weak of ayn
Weak end letter : pattern VIII weak of lam
Double letter : pattern VIII muda’af
Verbs on the pattern of اِفْتَعَلَ present tense
May 11, 2010For possible meanings of form VIII, look here
Form VIII is covered in Madinah Book 3, chapter 23
http://old.iu.edu.sa/spages/edu/syukbah/du4_8.htm
Something interesting about form VIII is that when the first letter of the root is a certain letter, then the ت in the pattern اِفْتَعَلَ changes to a different letter. Examples (taken from the above link):
| زَحَـمَ | ازْدَحَم | (إذا كانت فاء افْتَعَل دالاً، أو ذالاً، أو زاياً أبدلِتْ تاؤه دالاً). | |
| When the first root letter is ز or د or ذ then theت changes to د | |||
| زَانَ | …………………… | Form these 3 verbs at left on the pattern of ifta’ala keeping in mind the above rule | |
| ذَكَرَ | …………………… | ||
| دَعَـا | …………………… | ||
| صَـبَرَ | اصْطَبَرَ | (إذا كانت فاءُ افْتَعَلَ صاداً، أو ضَاداً، أو طاءً، أو ظاءً أُبْدِلَتْ تاؤه طاءً). | |
| When the first root letter is aص or ض or ط or ظ then the ت changes to ط | |||
| صَفَا | ………………… | Form these 4 verbs at left on the pattern of ifta’ala keeping in mind the above rule | |
| ضرَبَ | ………………… | ||
| ظَلَـمَ | ……………… | ||
| طَلَـعَ | ………………… | ||
| وَقَـي | اتَّقى | (إذا كانت فاءُ افْتَعَل واواً أُبدلَتْ تاءً) | |
| ]When the first root letter is a و then the و itself changes to ت(so you get two taa’s which looks like taa with shaddah تَّ ) | |||
| وَصَـلَ | …………………… | Form these 3 verbs at left on the pattern of ifta’ala keeping in mind the above rule | |
| وَحَـدَ | …………………… | ||
| وَفِـقَ | …………………… | ||
To see how regular verbs are conjugated on this pattern, look at this chart : pattern VIII saalim
Form VII, present tense, irregular verbs
May 11, 2010
The verb conjugator was not giving the correct conjugation for weak middle letter verbs on form VII, so I had to look elsewhere for an example (I assumed they were conjugated like wazn VIII but wanted to verify)
I got the verb اِنْقَادَ from here:
http://arabic.tripod.com/Verbs10.htm (about 1/3 down the page)
أشياء جيدة 